英语阅读理解训练
阅读题型
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事实细节题
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词语理解题
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推理判断题
-
观点态度题
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主旨大意题
训练方法
精读
- 做一遍
- 不借助任何东西,自己手动全文翻译一遍
- 借助工具查单词、查语法再翻译一遍(切忌整句翻译)
- 看答案:借助解析进行修改翻译
- 再做一遍,标注题型,找到答案句
泛读
TODO
阅读理解技巧
- 读懂文章首句,把握全文方向
- 看一道题做一道题
- 划题目与选项关键词 - 概括+定位+ 区分
- 同义转换 - 圈出与题目或选项与原文相近的词或表达
- 同元素可排除
- 常识判断
- 带有绝对性词语的选项不选 - only
完形填空技巧
- 不靠所谓的语感做题,所谓的语感一般都是错的,必须要靠【证据】做题,每一个选项都要问一下自己:为什么选这个而不选那个
- 读懂首段首句, 把握全文方向
- 看一道题做一道题
- 跳过毫无头绪的题
- 圈出所有的转折词,but/however/while/on the contrary…(相反)
- 同元素可排除
- 圈出文章与选项相同、相近、相反的词
精读
第一篇
2017 广东专插本英语真题 - Passage 1
原文
This past fall semester, at Duke University, there were two students who were taking Organic Chemistry. They did pretty well on all of the tests and the midterms and labs,etc., such that going into the final they had a solid “A” . There two friends were so confident going into the final that the weekend before finals‘ week, even though the Chemistry final was on Monday, they decided to go up to the University of Virginia and have a party with some friends up there. So they did this and had a great time. However, with the aftereffects of alcohol and everything, they overslept all day Sunday and didn’t make it back to Duke until early Monday morning.
Rather than taking the final then, what they did was to find Professor Aldric after the final and explain to him why they missed the final. They told him that they went up to UVA for the weekend, and had planned to come back in time to study, but they had a flat tire (爆胎) on the way back and didn’t have a spare and couldn’t get help for a long time and so were late getting back to campus.
Aldric thought this over and then agreed that they could make up the final on the following day. The two guys were overjoyed and relieved. So, they studied that night and went in the next day at the time that Aldric had told them. He placed them in separate rooms and handed each of them a test booklet and told them to begin.
They looked at the first problem, which was something simple about free radical formation and was worth 5 points. “Cool, ” they thought, “this is going to be easy. ” They did that problem and then turned the page. They were unprepared, however, for what they saw on the next page.
It said: (95 points) Which tire was flat?
问题
The two students decided to visit their friends at the weekend because ____.
A. they didn’t want to take the exam
B. they were invited by their friends
C. they were not worried about the exam at all
D. they forget the arrangement of the final exam
They didn’t return as planned because ____.
A. they got lost on their way back
B. they slept beyond the time to come back
C. their car broke down on their way back
D. they couldn’t get help when they were in difficulty
How did the Professor arrange the make-up exam?
A. He made the exam booklet very long.
B. He gave them different exam papers.
C. He asked a very surprising question.
D. He gave them very limited time to finish the paper
When they took the first glance at the exam booklet, they thought
A. it was easy
B. it was too much
C. it was too difficult
D. it was reasonable
It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A. the students didn’t like Professor Aldric
B. the two students had difficulties in their studies
C. Professor Aldric was very clever and humorous
D. the two students would surely pass the make-up exam
我的答案
- C ✅
- D ❌ answer: (B)
- A ❌ answer: (C)
- A ✅
- C ✅
翻译(自)
不借助任何工具,自己翻译
在杜克大学,这个过去掉落的 semester,有两个学生在讨论着圣诞节。他们在所有的考试和期中和实验室中都做的很好,于是他们最终得到了个“A”的固体。他们两个朋友都在临近最后一周的周末的期末的时候感到 confident ,但是圣诞节最终在周一,他们决定去 Virginia 的大学,那有一个很多朋友的聚会。于是他们做这个和有个美好的时间。然而,伴随着酒精的后劲和每个东西,他们周日一整天睡过头了,没去回到 Duke 大学,直到周一的早上。
再比如到期末之后,他们期末之后去找专家 Aldric去解释他为什么没参加忘记了期末考试。他们告诉他他们可以在周末前往UVA,计划好回来学习的时间,但他们在回来的路上车子爆胎了,长时间没有空闲也不能得到取得帮助,于是他们回校园迟到了。
Aldric 想结束然后同意了他们可以在之后重新期末考试。两个小伙子非常开心和信任。于是,他们晚上回去就学习了,在明天的那个时候 Aldric 告诉了他们。他安排他们在分离开的教室,给他们每个人一张试卷,告诉他们可以开始考试了。
他们看到第一个问题,是一道价值 5 分,关于一些简单的关于自由民族的信息。“太棒了”,他们想道,“这也太简单了。”他们做完了那个题后翻页。然而,他们完全没意料到,他们看到的下一页。
上面写着:(95 分)是哪一个轮胎爆胎的?
逐句翻译
借助工具,重新逐句翻译
This past fall semester, at Duke University, there were two students who were taking Organic Chemistry.
词汇短语
- fall
- n.秋季,秋天
- past
- n.刚结束的
- semester
- n.学期
- Organic
- n.有机
- Chemistry
- n.化学
解析
”This past fall semester“使用独立主格结构,代词
翻译
在杜克大学这个刚结束的秋季学期,有两个正在讨论有机化学的学生。
They did pretty well on all of the tests and the midterms and labs,etc., such that going into the final they had a solid “A”
词汇短语
- midterm
- n.期中考试
- that going
- 使得
- 如此…以致
- solid
- adj.一致的,团结的
- adj.坚硬的
- n.固体
翻译
他们在所有的测试和期中考试以及实验等方面中都做的非常漂亮,使得他们期末考试一致都拿到了“A”
There two friends were so confident going into the final that the weekend before finals‘ week, even though the Chemistry final was on Monday, they decided to go up to the University of Virginia and have a party with some friends up there.
词汇短语
- confident
- n. 自信的
- even though
- 虽然
- go up to
- 前往
翻译
那两个朋友对于期末周之前周末的考试非常自信,虽然化学期末考试在周一,但他们决定前往 Virinia 大学和那里的一些朋友参加聚会。
So they did this and had a great time.
词汇短语
- have a great time
- 玩得开心
翻译
所以他们在那玩的很开心
However, with the aftereffects of alcohol and everything, they overslept all day Sunday and didn’t make it back to Duke until early Monday morning.
词汇短语
- however
- 然而
- aftereffect
- 副作用
- 后劲
- until
- prep. 到…时
- conj. 到…时
翻译
然而,随着酒精和其他一切的副作用,他们周日一整天都睡过头了,没能在周一凌晨回到杜克大学。
Rather than taking the final then, what they did was to find Professor Aldric after the final and explain to him why they missed the final.
词汇短语
- rather than
- 宁愿
- 而不是
分析
Rather than taking the final then 状语前置
rather than常用于两个选项比较,表示“是…而不是”,例如:
- For exercise, I walk rather than run.
- 以运动来说,我是走路而不是跑步。
- She takes a bus rather than drive a car to work.
- 她乘坐公共汽车而不是开车上班。
放在句首则表示“没有…而是”,例如:
- Rather than stay at home, my sister went out for a walk.
- 我姐姐没有待在家,而是出门散步去了。
- Rather than riding a bicycle, she walked to work.
- 他没有骑单车,而是走路去工作。
what they did 为主语从句, was 为谓语动词
翻译
他们没有参加期末考试,而是在期末考试后找到阿尔德里奇教授,向他解释为什么他们错过了期末考试。
They told him that they went up to UVA for the weekend, and had planned to come back in time to study, but they had a flat tire (爆胎) on the way back and didn’t have a spare and couldn’t get help for a long time and so were late getting back to campus.
词汇短语
- went up to
- 前往
- in time
- 及时
- spare
- adj.备用的
- v.抽出;节约;保证
- n.备用品
- flat tire
- 爆胎
翻译
他们告诉教授,他们周末去 UVA,他们原本计划按时回来学习的,但他们在回来的路上车子爆胎了,也没有备胎,在长时间里不能得到帮助,于是就很晚才回到学校。
Aldric thought this over and then agreed that they could make up the final on the following day.
词汇短语
- make up
- 补考
- 化妆
- 补充
- sb. thought this over
- …仔细考虑…
- the following day
- 接下来的一天(第二天)
翻译
Aldric 仔细考虑了一下,然后同意了他们可以在明天补考期末考试。
The two guys were overjoyed and relieved.
词汇短语
- overjoyed
- 狂喜
- relieve
- v.缓解;解除
翻译 这两个小伙子狂喜并放心了。
So, they studied that night and went in the next day at the time that Aldric had told them.
翻译 于是,他们在那一晚上疯狂学习,到了第二天的 Aldric 告诉他们的时间。
He placed them in separate rooms and handed each of them a test booklet and told them to begin.
词汇短语
- separate
- adj.单独的
- v.分离
- place
- v.安置
- booklet
- 小册子
翻译 教授将他们安排在独立的房间,交给了他们每个人一个考试手册并告诉他们可以开始答题了。
They looked at the first problem, which was something simple about free radical formation and was worth 5 points.
词汇短语
- radical
- adj.根本的
- formation
- n.形成;构成
- free radical
- 自由基(化学)
翻译
他们看到第一个问题:一个简单的关于自由的基本构成,价值 5 分。
“Cool, ” they thought, “this is going to be easy. ”
翻译
“太棒了,” 他们想,“这个太简单了。”
They did that problem and then turned the page.
翻译
他们做完了这个题,然后翻到下一页。
They were unprepared, however, for what they saw on the next page.
词汇短语
- unprepared
- 没准备的
- however
- 然而
- 无论怎样
翻译 ❎ 然而,他们看到下一页的题,并没有准备。
✅ 然而,他们对下一页中的内容完全没有准备。
It said: (95 points) Which tire was flat?
翻译 上面写着:(95 分)是哪一个轮胎爆了?
DeepL
过去的秋季学期,在杜克大学,有两个学生正在学习有机化学。他们在所有的测试、期中考试和实验等方面都做得很好,因此在进入期末考试时,他们的成绩是 “A”。这两个朋友对期末考试非常有信心,在期末考试周之前的周末,尽管化学期末考试是在星期一,他们还是决定去弗吉尼亚大学,和那里的一些朋友开个派对。所以他们这样做了,而且玩得很开心。然而,在酒精和一切的影响下,他们周日一整天都睡过头了,直到周一凌晨才回到杜克大学。
他们没有参加当时的期末考试,而是在期末考试后找到奥德里克教授,向他解释他们为什么错过了期末考试。他们告诉他,他们周末去了弗吉尼亚大学,并计划及时回来学习,但他们在回来的路上爆胎了,没有备用轮胎,而且很长时间都无法得到帮助,所以回校晚了。
奥德里克考虑了一下,然后同意他们可以在第二天补上决赛。这两个家伙喜出望外,松了一口气。于是,他们当晚学习,第二天在奥德里克告诉他们的时间去了。他把他们安排在不同的房间,给他们每人发了一本试卷,让他们开始。
他们看了看第一个问题,那是一些关于自由基形成的简单问题,价值5分。“酷,“他们想,“这将是很容易的。“他们做了这个问题,然后翻开了这一页。然而,他们对下一页上的内容毫无准备。
上面写着:(95分)哪个轮胎是瘪的?
网易有道
在刚刚过去的秋季学期,杜克大学有两个学生选修了有机化学。他们在所有的测试、期中考试和实验等方面都做得很好。在进入决赛时,他们获得了一个坚实的“a”。有两个朋友对进入决赛充满信心,所以在期末周的前一个周末,尽管化学期末考试是在星期一,他们还是决定去弗吉尼亚大学和一些朋友在那里开个派对。所以他们就这么做了,玩得很开心。然而,由于酒精和其他一切的影响,他们周日睡过头了,直到周一凌晨才回到杜克大学。
他们没有参加期末考试,而是在期末考试后找到阿尔德里奇教授,向他解释为什么他们错过了期末考试。他们告诉他,他们周末去了UVA,本来打算及时回来学习,但在回来的路上轮胎爆了(爆胎),没有备胎,很长一段时间都得不到帮助,所以回学校迟到了。
奥尔德里奇想了想,然后同意他们可以在第二天进行决赛。两个人喜出望外,松了一口气。于是,他们就在那天晚上进行了研究,第二天在奥尔德里克告诉他们的时间去了学校。他把他们分别安排在不同的房间里,递给他们每人一本测试手册,然后让他们开始。
他们看了第一个问题,这是一个关于自由基形成的简单问题,值5分。“太好了,”他们想,“这将会很容易。”他们做了这道题,然后翻过这一页。然而,他们对下一页上的内容毫无准备。
上面写着:(95分)哪个轮胎没气了?
第二篇
CET4 2021-6-1 Part 3 Section C Passage One
原文
Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem. Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. Technology companies have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry. How can they work together to achieve these goals? Play may be the answer.
Focusing on SIBM skills is important, but the reality is that SIBM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today’s children to be the malcers and builders of tomorrow. That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good, old-fashioned play.
In fact many experts argue that the most 21st-century skills aren’t related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity; skills like imagination, problem-finding and problemsolving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and talce risks. These are skills acquired when kids tinker (鼓捣小玩意) . High-tech industries such as NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory have found that their best overall problem solvers were master tinkerers in their youth.
There are cognitive (认知的) benefits of doing things the way we did as children—building something, tearing it down, then building it up again. Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four- and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial, mathematical, and architectural activities. This type of play—especially with building blocks一helps children discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.
If play and building are critical to 21st-century skill development, that’s really good news for two reasons: Children are born builders, makers, and creators, so fostering (培养) 21st-century skills may be as simple as giving kids room to play, tinker and try things out, even as they grow older. Secondly, it doesn’t talce 21st-century technology to foster 21st-century skills. This is especially important for underresourced schools and communities. Talcing whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important “malcer” skills. And anyone, anywhere, can do it.
问题
What does the author say about educators?
A) They seek advice from technology companies to achieve teaching goals.
B) They have been successful in preparing the workforce for companies.
C) They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.
D) They partner with technology companies to enhance teaching efficiency.
How can educators better develop students’ STEM skills, according to the author?
A) By blending them with traditional, stimulating activities.
B) By inviting business leaders to help design curriculums..
C) By enhancing students’ability to think in a critical way.
D) By showing students the best way to learn is through play.
How do children acquire the skills needed for the 21st century?
A) By engaging in activities involving specific technologies.
B) By playing with things to solve problems on their own.
C) By familiarizing themselves with high-tech gadgets.
D) By mastering basic principles through teamwork.
What can we do to help children learn the basics of math and geometry?
A) Stimulate their interest as early as possible.
B) Spend more time playing games with them.
C) Encourage them to make things with hands.
D) Allow them to tinker freely with calculators.
What does the author advise disadvantaged schools and communities to do?
A) Train students to be makers to meet future market demands.
B) Develop students’ creative skills with the resources available.
C) Engage students with challenging tasks to foster their creativity.
D) Work together with companies to improve their teaching facilities.
翻译(自)
老师和商业领导者有很多共同点,老师想要准备学生成功的未来。科技公司致力于去发展 STEM 技能的工坊,这需要去培养公司和发展工业。他们如何一起工作去实现这些目标呢?“玩”也许是答案。
聚焦于 STEM 技能是重要的,但当与传统和具有创造性的活动相结合的时候,STEM 技能是起增强和联系的作用。这个结合是培养今天的孩子去成为明天的创造者和建造者最好的方式。这就是为什么科技公司都采用 教育者带回好的,旧潮流玩耍 的模式。
事实上一些专家有争议,21 世纪最重要的技能不是关于特殊科技和学科改造的,而是创造性;技能像想象力,查找问题,问题解决,团队工作,优化,练习和能力去锻炼和放置危险。这些都是当孩子在捣鼓小玩意时获得的技能。高科技产品,比如 NASA 的喷气xxx 实验室发现最好的问题解决者,在小时候去主动地去捣鼓小玩意。
这些都是认知上做事方式的效益,我们是小孩的时候,建造一些东西,撕毁掉,再把它建起来。研究者展示了:给15 分钟自由玩耍,四到五岁的孩子将花三小时去参与在精神学,数学,建筑学。这个玩耍的类型是使用建筑块去建造,这可以帮助孩子发现和开发数学和几何学。
如果玩和建造成为 21 世纪的技能发展,这真的是好消息,有两个原因:儿童是天生的建造者,制造者,创造者,所以培养 21 世纪的技能可以给孩子一个空间去玩,捣鼓小玩意和尝试做完整的事情,直到他们长大。第二,这不用 21 世纪的科技去培养 21 世纪的技能。这对于资源落后的学校和社会是特别重要的。无论什么materials、手动和鼓捣小玩意,都是去培养重要的“制造者”者节能的简单途径。每个人,在每个地方,都可以做到。
翻译(查)
老师和商业领导者有很多共同点,老师要为学生成功的未来做准备。科技公司需要推动公司和产业的发展,从而致力于去发展 STEM 技能的劳动力。他们可以如何一起去实现这些目标呢?“玩”也许是答案。
聚焦于 STEM 技能是重要的,但是事实是,当STEM 技能在与传统和动手创造的活动相结合的时候,会得到增强和更相关。这个结合证明了这是最好的让今天的孩子成为明天的制造者和建造者的方式。这就是为什么科技公司与教育工作者带回老旧的好游戏的原因
事实上一些专家认为,21 世纪最重要的技能不是和特定的科技或者学科问题有关,而是创造性;一些技能比如,想象力,查找问题,问题解决,团队工作,优化,耐心和经历和承担危险的能力。这些都是当孩子们在捣鼓小玩意时获得的技能。比如高科技企业,NASA 的喷气推动实验室发现,全部问题的最好解决者,是年轻时候掌握了捣鼓小玩意的他们。
我们像孩子一样去建造、摧毁、再建造起来的这种方式,是有做事情的认知上的好处的。研究者展示了:给十五分钟的自由玩乐时间,四岁和五岁的孩子将花三分之一的时间去参与空间,数学,建筑学活动,这个玩耍的方式,特别是使用建筑块,帮助孩子发现和开发在数学和几何学的核心准则。
如果玩耍和建造是21 世纪技能发展的关键,这真的是好消息,有两个原因:儿童是天生的建造者,制造者,创造者,所以培养 21 世纪的技能非常简单,给孩子一个屋子去玩、鼓捣、尝试新事物,即使他们长大了。第二,这并不需要 用21 世纪的科技去培养 21 世纪的技能。这对于资源不足的学校和团体来说是特别重要的。无论采用什么材料都可以很有用,用他们简单的方式捣鼓小玩意,去从事他们重要的“建造者”的技能。每个人,在每个地方,都可以做到。
翻译(改)
老师和商业领导者拥有的共同点比看上去更多,老师想让学生为成功的未来做好准备。科技公司热衷于培养一支具备 STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)技能的员工队伍,这些技能是推动公司和行业发展所不可或缺的。他们可以如何一起去实现这些目标呢?“玩”也许是答案。
聚焦于 STEM 技能固然重要,但是事实是,当与传统的动手创造性活动相结合的时候,STEM技能会得到增强,并且更有意义。事实证明,这种结合是让如今的孩子成为未来的制造者和建造者做好准备的的最佳方式。这就是科技公司正与教育工作者合作,以重新引入优秀的老式玩法的原因。
事实上一些专家认为,21 世纪最重要的技能与特定的技术或主题无关,而是和创造力有关;如想象力,发现问题,问题解决,团队工作,乐观,耐心以及实验和冒险的能力。这些都是当孩子们在捣鼓小玩意时获得的技能。NASA 的喷气推动实验室等高科技行业发现,他们最好的综合问题解决者在年轻时都善于鼓捣小玩意
当我们按照孩童时期的方式做事-建造一个东西,拆掉它,然后重新建造它---我们会获得认知上的益处。研究表明,如果给四五岁的孩子十五分钟的自由玩乐的时间,他们将会将三分之一的时间花在空间,数学,建筑学活动上,这个类型的玩耍,特别是使用搭积木,帮助孩子发现和掌握在数学和几何学的关键原理。
如果说玩耍和建造对 21 世纪的技能发展至关重要,那么这确实是好消息,有两个原因:孩子是天生的建造者,制造者,创造者,所以培养 21 世纪的技能可能会非常简单,给孩子一个玩耍、鼓捣、尝试的空间即可,即使他们长大了也是如此。第二,这并不需要 用21 世纪的科技去培养 21 世纪的技能。这对于资源不足的学校和团体来说是特别重要的。利用任何手边的材料进行捣鼓是培养那些重要的“制造者”技能的一个简单办法,并且每个人在任何地方都可以做到。
DeepL
教育工作者和商业领袖的共同点比看起来要多。教师希望为学生准备一个成功的未来。科技公司有兴趣培养具有STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)技能的劳动力,以促进公司发展和行业进步。他们如何才能共同实现这些目标?游戏可能就是答案。
关注STEM技能是很重要的,但现实是,STEM技能在与传统的、动手的创造性活动相结合时,会得到加强,而且更有意义。事实证明,这种结合是培养今天的孩子成为明天的破坏者和建设者的最佳方式。这就是为什么技术公司正在与教育工作者合作,使好的、老式的游戏回归。
事实上,许多专家认为,21世纪最重要的技能与特定的技术或主题无关,而是与创造力有关;这些技能包括想象力、发现问题和解决问题、团队合作、乐观主义、耐心以及实验和冒险的能力。这些都是孩子们在修补(鼓捣小玩意)时获得的技能。. 高科技行业,如美国宇航局的喷气推进实验室发现,他们最好的整体问题解决者是年轻时的修补高手。
按照我们的方式做事,有认知上的好处。按照我们小时候的方式做事,会有一些好处,比如建造一些东西,把它拆掉,然后再建造起来。研究表明,如果有15分钟的自由游戏时间,四岁和五岁的孩子会花三分之一的时间从事空间、数学和建筑活动。这种类型的游戏,特别是玩积木,有助于儿童发现和发展数学和几何的关键原则。
如果游戏和搭积木对21世纪的技能发展至关重要,这确实是个好消息,原因有二。儿童是天生的建设者、制造者和创造者,所以培养 21世纪的技能可能很简单,就是给孩子们提供玩耍、修补和尝试的空间,即使他们长大了。第二,培养21世纪的技能不需要21世纪的技术。这对资源不足的学校和社区来说尤其重要。使用任何随手可得的材料和修补它们是一个简单的方法,以参与这些重要的 “恶意 “技能。而且任何人,在任何地方,都可以做到这一点。
第三篇
CET4 2021-6-1 Part 3 Section C Passage Two
原文
Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to instantly fix the projector that’s no longer working. They have to tolerate the bad tempers of colleagues frustrated at the number of times they’ve had to call the help desk for the same issue. They are also the ones who know there are systems that are more powerful, reliable and faster, but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them.
According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction. Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control non-existent. And there’s little they can do about it.
The experience of using IT penetrates almost the entire work field. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction, too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread employee frustration, it’s an IT transformation project gone wrong, where swollen expectations have been popped and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed. This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user.
Which is why managers should appreciate just how influential the IT user experience is to their employees, and exert substantial effort in ensuring their IT team eliminates programming errors and application crashes. Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand what employees experience mentally when they use IT.
Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’ work, rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company’s IT limitations.
问题
What does the author say about working in IT? A) It is envied by many. C) It is financially rewarding. B) It does not appeal to him. D) It does not match his abilities.
What is the finding of a recent survey on employees who have a job reliant on IT support? A) IT helps boost productivity. B) IT helps improve quality control. C) Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT. D) Most employees rely heavily on IT in their work.
What is said to happen when IT is functioning properly? A) There is a big boost in employees’work efficiency. B) Employees become more dependent on machines. C) There are no longer any boring or repetitive tasks. D) Employees become more confident in their work.
What should business leaders do before implementing new IT initiatives? A) Consider the various expectations of their customers. B) Draw up a list of the efficiencies to be promised. C) Assess the swollen cost of training the employees. D) Think about the possible effects on their employees.
How can a business help improve its employees’ experience in using IT? A) By designing systems that suit their needs. B) By ensuring that their mental health is sound. C) By adjusting their work to suit the IT system. D) By offering them regular in-service training
关于在IT行业工作,作者说了些什么? A)它被许多人羡慕。 C)在经济上是有回报的。 B)他不喜欢 D)这与他的能力不相符。
最近一项关于工作依赖IT支持的员工的调查发现了什么? A) IT有助于提高生产力。 B) IT有助于提高质量控制。 C)许多员工对IT深感沮丧 D)大多数员工在工作中严重依赖IT。
当IT正常运行时会发生什么? A)员工的工作效率大大提高。 B)员工变得更加依赖机器。 C)不再有任何无聊或重复的任务。 D)员工对他们的工作更有信心
在实施新的IT计划之前,业务领导应该做什么? A)考虑客户的各种期望。 B)起草一份承诺的效率清单。 C)评估员工培训成本的膨胀。 D)考虑对员工可能产生的影响
企业如何帮助改善员工使用IT的体验? A)通过设计符合他们需求的系统 B)确保他们的心理健康。 C)调整他们的工作以适应IT系统。 D)为他们提供定期的在职培训
翻译(自)
Spend time: 1h23m
成为一个信息技术或者 IT 的劳动者,我认为这不是一份工作。他们在重要的会议中期待去及时地去修正没有在长期工作的项目者。他们必须忍受组织在数天中的坏脾气,必须在同桌寻求相同问题的帮助。他们也许知道自己是那些更强力、可靠和快速的系统中的一员,但他们的雇佣者推断这将不会提供资金去购买。
根据最近的调查,职工有一个工作依赖于 IT 的支持,认为 IT 是一个主要的找工作来源。没有通过他们自己的过失,可以找到有效率地质量控制不存在。他们可以做到这一点。
使用 IT 模式的经验最多整个工作区域。这会成为员工全部的工作经历中重要的一部分。当 IT 正在操作着,员工会自信满满。他们也对工作非常满意,当功能性优秀的机器依赖着无聊的任务或者个人进程。但如果他们的一个东西触发了员工,这是一个 IT 转换项目的错误,预期被打破,一个长长的承诺列表影响被反转。当老板用如何去改变他们的小想法去实现 IT 化,这将最终影响到用户。
管理者应该欣赏如何影响有 IT 经验的用户成为他们的员工,在他们的IT团队消除代码错误和应用冲突中产生了重大影响。及时的 IT 支持也许应该有效的使用户在工作中用技术问题去cope。更重要的是,IT 从业者需要去搞懂在使用 IT 的时候什么是员工经验。
最后,商业需要去启动 IT,于是这是设计适合他们员工工作,他们的工作用公司的 IT 限制去适应。
翻译(查)
成为一个信息技术或者 IT 的劳动者,不是我羡慕的一份工作。他们在重要的会议中,希望立马修好不能工作的投影仪,在沮丧的几天里,他们必须忍受同事在数天中的坏脾气,打电话给服务台寻求同样问题的帮助。他们也知道更强力、可靠和快速的系统,但他们的老板不过不会提供资金去购买。
根据最近的调查,职工依赖 IT 支持去找工作,认为 IT 是工作中不满意的主要来源。并不是他们自己的错,他们可以突然找到他们效率低下和质量控制不存在,他们也对此无能为力。
使用 IT 的经验几乎渗透所有工作领域。这会成为员工全部的工作经历中是至关重要的一部分。当 IT 正在操作着,员工会自信满满。当功能性优秀的机器接替人去完成无聊的任务或者重复的过程,激发了他们对工作的满意。但如果他们的一个东西让普遍员工感到沮丧,那将是一个 IT 转换项目的错误,预期被打破,一个长长的承诺列表影响被反转。当老板用如何去改变他们的小想法去实现 IT 化,这将最终影响到用户。
这就是为什么管理者应该理解如何让有影响力的 IT 经验丰富的用户成为他们的员工,然后,花费了大量的努力,去确保他们的IT团队消除代码错误和应用崩溃。合适和及时的 IT 支持应该可以去使用户在工作中去解决技术问题。更重要的是,IT 从业者需要在使用 IT 的时候搞懂,什么是思想上的员工经验。
所以,商业需要去建立自己 IT 基础设施,所以应该去设计适应员工工作,而不是调整他们的工作去适应公司的 IT 的限制性。
逐句解析
Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. 信息技术工作者并不是我羡慕的职业。
主句的主语是:Being an information technology, or IT, worker
系动词是:is not
表语是:a job
I envy 是省略了关系词(which/that)的非限定定语从句,修饰a job; 从句中,省略的关系词代替先行词 a job作 宾语
They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to instantly fix the projector that’s no longer working. 他们就是那些在某项重要会议进行到一半,投影仪坏了时,被期望能立即修好投影仪的人。
- instantly
- 立刻
- projector
- 投影仪
- critical
- 批判的
- 关键的
- 重要的
who 引导定语从句修饰 the ones,从句中,who 代替先行词 the ones 作主语。
are expected 一般现在时的被动语态
「 … the projector thats no longer working. 」,that引导定语从句,修饰先行词 the projector,翻译为 xxx 的投影仪。no longer 不再…
They have to tolerate the bad tempers of colleagues frustrated at the number of times they’ve had to call the help desk for the same issue. 他们必须忍受同事们 因为同一问题 不得不多次打服务台电话 而感到沮丧时 的坏脾气
- have to
- 必须
- tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/
- 忍受
- colleagues /ˈkɑːliːɡz/
- 同事
- frustrated /frʌˈstreɪtɪd/
- adj.沮丧
句子核心:They have to tolerate the bad tempers.(他们必须忍受坏脾气)
- 主句的主语“They”,半助动词“have to”,谓语动词“tolerate”,宾语是 the bad tempers
- 介词短语 of colleagues 作后置定语,修饰 the bad tempers。
- frustrated at the number of time 作后置定语,修饰 colleagues
- 省略关系词(that)的定语从句,修饰 the number of times。
- They 作主语
- have had to为半助动词,表示“不得不”,时态为现在完成时,与谓语动词 call 共同构成复合谓语
- the help desk作宾语,意思为“服务台”
- for the same issue作原因状语,for 表“因为”,“因为相同问题”
They are also the ones who know there are systems that are more powerful, reliable and faster, but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them. 他们也知道有更强大、更可靠、更便捷的系统,但他们的雇主根本不会出资去购买这些系统
-
reliable
- 可靠的
-
simply
- 仅仅,只
- 简单地
-
put up
- 提供
- 建造
-
They are also the ones(主系表)
- who know,who 引导定语从句,修饰 the ones
- (that) there are systems,省略 that 的宾语从句,作 know 的宾语;there be句型,可以翻译为「有」,跟上面可翻译为「知道有系统」
- that are more powerful, reliable and faster,that 引导的定语从句,修饰 systems;跟上面可翻译为:「知道有更强大、更可靠、更便捷的系统」
- (that) there are systems,省略 that 的宾语从句,作 know 的宾语;there be句型,可以翻译为「有」,跟上面可翻译为「知道有系统」
- who know,who 引导定语从句,修饰 the ones
-
but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them. 用 but 连接的并列句,表转折。
According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction. 根据最近的一项调查,那些工作上依赖信息技术支持的员工认为信息技术是导致缺乏工作满足感的主要原因。
- reliant
- adj.依赖的
- dissatisfaction
- n.不满
句子核心:employees consider IT a major source
- According to a recent survey,作插入语,“根据最近的一项调查”
- employees 主语
- who have a job who 引导的定语从句,修饰 employees
- raliant on IT support 作后置定语,修饰 a job;跟上面可翻译为:「工作上依赖信息技术支持的员工」
- who have a job who 引导的定语从句,修饰 employees
- consider IT a major source
- of job dissatisfaction 后置定语,修饰a major source,跟上面可翻译为:「工作不满的主要来源」
Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control non-existent. 在自己没有犯错的情况下,他们会突然发现自己的生产效率在下降,或者无法控制工作质量
-
deteriorate /dɪˈtɪriəreɪt/
- 价值(或质量)下降
- 恶化
-
productivity deteriorating,译为“生产力下降”,deteriorate为非谓语动词动名词形式,表主动。
-
quality control non-existent,不存在质量控制,即“无法控制工作质量”
And there’s little they can do about it. 而且他们对此几乎无能为力
-
can do about it
- 无能为力
-
And there’s little,And表“而且”,主句是一个 There be 句型,由“there + be(is) + 主语(little)”构成。
-
(that) they can do about it. 省略关系词的定语从句,修饰 little
The experience of using IT penetrates almost the entire work field. 使用信息技术的经历几乎渗透到了整个工作领域
-
penetrate /ˈpenətreɪt/
- v.渗透, 深入
-
主语
- The experience of using IT
-
谓语
- penetrates
-
宾语
- almost the entire work field
It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. 它已经成为员工全部工作经历中的一个重要组成部分
-
crucial /ˈkruːʃ(ə)l/
- adj.重要的
-
of employees’ overall work experience 介词短语,作后置定语,修饰a crucial part,译为:「员工全部工作经历的…」
When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. 当信息技术正常运行时,员工的自信心就会增加
- swell
- v.增加;膨胀;充满
- n.膨胀
句子核心:Employee self-confidence swells.
- When IT is operating when 引导时间状语从句
- as it should as 引导的方式状语从句,作时间状语从句的方式状语。省略句,完整意思为「as it should operate」,IT按照应该运行的方式去运行,即「IT正常运行」
- employee self-confidence swells. 主句
Their job satisfaction, too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. 当运行良好的机器将他们从无聊的工作或重复性的工作过程中解脱出来时,他们的工作满足感也会激增
-
surge
- v.激增
-
functioning
- n.运行
-
relieve
- v.减缓;接替
-
Their job satisfaction 作主语
-
too 插入语,删掉插入语不会影响整体句子的意思
-
can surge 作谓语
-
when well-functioning machines relieve them 时间状语从句
- of dull tasks or repetitive processes 介词短语,作状语
But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread employee frustration, it’s an IT transformation project gone wrong, where swollen expectations have been popped and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed. 但如果说有一件事会引发员工普遍的挫败感,那就是信息技术转型计划出了问题,不断增加的期望打破了,一长串有望实现的功效也遭到逆转。
-
trigger
- v.引发;触发
-
transformation
- n.转变
-
a long list of
- 一长串的…
-
If there’s one thing if 引导条件状语从句
- that triggers widespread employee frustration that引导定语从句,修饰 one thing,译为「引发普遍员工的挫败感的一件事」
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it’s an IT transformation project
- gone wrong 过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰 an IT transformation project
- where swollen expectations have been popped where 引导非限定定语从句,补充说明 an IT transformation project
- and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed and连接并列句;「a long list of…」表同位关系;have been reversed 为现在完成时的被动形式,译为:「被逆转」=>「遭到逆转」
This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user. 企业领导在实施信息技术计划时很少考虑这些变化将如何影响终端使用者,因此就会发生上述情况。
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end user
- 终端用户
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implement
- v.实施
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initiative
- n.措施;新方案;主动性
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This occurs This 为主语,occurs 为谓语
- when business leader implement IT initiatives when 引导时间状语从句,作主句的时间状语
- with little consideration
- of how those changes will impact the end user 介词短语作后置定语,其中 how 引导宾语从句作介词 of 的宾语。
- with little consideration
- when business leader implement IT initiatives when 引导时间状语从句,作主句的时间状语
Which is why managers should appreciate just how influential the IT user experience is to their employees, and exert substantial effort in ensuring their IT team eliminates programming errors and application crashes. 这就是为什么老板应该认识到信息技术的使用者体验对他们的员工影响有多大,并应竭力确保他们的信息技术团队能消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃的问题
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appreciate
- v.明白;欣赏
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influential
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exert
- v.尽力;努力
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eliminate
- v.消除
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application crash
- 应用程序崩溃
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Which is which 是主语(指代前文内容),is 是系动词
- why managers should appreciate just why引导表语从句
- how influential the IT user experience is to their employees how 引导的宾语从句;the IT user experience作主语,is 作系动词,influential 作表语,介词短语 to their eomployees作状语,表对象;译为「信息技术的使用者对他们的员工影响有多大」
- and exert substantial effort and 连接并列句
- in ensuring 介词短语作状语
- (that) their IT team eliminates programming errors and application crashes 省略 that 的宾语从句,作 ensuring 的宾语
- in ensuring 介词短语作状语
- why managers should appreciate just why引导表语从句
Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work. 此外,还应该及时提供足够的信息技术支持,以确保使用者能够应对工作中的工作问题。
- adequate
- adj.足够的
More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand what employees experience mentally when they use IT. 更重要的是,信息技术从业者需要了解员工在使用信息技术时的心理体验。
- mentally
- 精神上的
Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’ work, rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company’s IT limitations. 因此,企业需要建立自己的信息技术基础设施,以便其能适应员工的工作,而不是让员工调整他们的工作来适应公司的信息技术的局限性。
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infrastructure
- n.基础设施
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therefore
- adv.所以;因此
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limitations
- n.局限性;因素;边界
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set up
- 建设
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Therefore 插入语
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businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure
- so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’ work so that引导目的状语从句,表”以便“
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rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company’s IT limitations rather than 连接并列成分,表”而不是“
翻译(DeepL)
作为一名信息技术(或称IT)工作者,我并不羡慕这种工作。他们是那些在关键会议中,被期望立即修复不再工作的投影机的人。他们必须容忍同事的坏脾气,因为他们不得不为同一个问题给服务台打电话的次数太多,而感到沮丧。他们也是那些知道有更强大、更可靠和更快的系统的人,但他们的雇主根本不会拿出资金来购买它们。
根据最近的一项调查,有一份依赖IT支持的工作的员工认为IT是工作不满意的主要来源。不是他们自己的错,他们会突然发现自己的生产力下降或质量控制不存在。而他们对此却无能为力。
使用信息技术的经验几乎渗透到了整个工作领域。它已经成为员工整体工作经验的一个关键部分。当IT在正常运行时,员工的自信心会膨胀。当运作良好的机器将他们从枯燥的任务或重复的过程中解脱出来时,他们的工作满意度也会激增。但是,如果有一件事会引发员工普遍的挫败感,那就是IT转型项目出了问题,膨胀的期望被打破,一长串承诺的效率被推翻。当企业领导在实施IT计划时,很少考虑到这些变化将如何影响终端用户,就会出现这种情况。
这就是为什么经理们应该了解IT用户体验对他们的员工有多大的影响,并花大力气确保他们的IT团队消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃。还应提供足够和及时的IT支持,使用户能够应对工作中的技术问题。更重要的是,IT从业者需要了解员工在使用IT时的心理体验。
因此,企业需要设置他们的IT基础设施,使其旨在适应员工的工作,而不是调整他们的工作以适应公司的IT限制。
翻译(网易)
从事信息技术(IT)工作不是我羡慕的工作。他们是那些在重要会议进行到一半时,被要求立即修理坏了的投影仪的人。他们必须容忍同事的坏脾气,因为他们不得不多次为同样的问题打电话给服务台而感到沮丧。他们也知道有更强大、更可靠、更快的系统,但他们的雇主根本不会出钱购买。
根据最近的一项调查,那些工作依赖于IT支持的员工认为IT是工作不满的主要来源。虽然不是他们自己的过错,但他们可能突然发现自己的生产率在下降或质量控制不存在。他们对此也无能为力。
使用IT的经验几乎渗透到整个工作领域。它已经成为员工整体工作经验的重要组成部分。当IT正常运作时,员工的自信心就会增强。当运转良好的机器将他们从枯燥的工作或重复的过程中解放出来时,他们的工作满意度也会飙升。但如果有一件事引发了员工的普遍不满,那就是it转型项目出了问题,过高的期望破灭了,一长串承诺的效率被逆转了。当业务领导在实施IT计划时很少考虑这些变化将如何影响最终用户时,就会发生这种情况。
这就是为什么经理们应该认识到IT用户体验对他们的员工有多么大的影响,并付出大量的努力来确保他们的IT团队消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃。此外,亦应提供足够及及时的资讯科技支援,让使用者在工作中能够处理科技问题。更重要的是,IT从业者需要了解员工在使用IT时的心理体验。
因此,企业需要建立自己的IT基础设施,使其设计适合员工的工作,而不是调整他们的工作以适应公司的IT限制。